Which establishments are required to install a fire alarm?

Fire safety is an absolute priority in places that welcome the public or workers. Among the mandatory systems, the fire alarm plays a crucial role: it enables occupants to be warned quickly of a fire outbreak and allows an effective evacuation to be organised. But which establishments are actually subject to this legal obligation?

ERP: public-access buildings

Public-access buildings, or ERP (hotels, schools, shopping centres, restaurants, government offices, etc.), are on the front line. This obligation stems from the high footfall and the diversity of occupants (children, elderly people, the sick…). Depending on their category and type, they must be fitted with a suitable fire alarm system (type 1, 2a, 2b, 3 or 4). 👉 Example: a primary school must have a suitable alarm to safely evacuate children.

IGH: high-rise buildings

High-rise buildings, or IGH (offices, residential or mixed-use buildings over 28 m for housing and 50 m for other uses), are particularly sensitive. The fire risk is heightened by the height of the building and the complexity of evacuations. They are required to have a complete fire alarm system, including detectors, and audible and visual alarm devices.

Industrial sites and classified establishments

Some industrial sites or warehouses store flammable products or present particular risks (chemical, petroleum-related, electrical). Regulations then require an enhanced fire detection and alarm system. The aim: to limit the risk of explosion and protect workers.

Businesses and offices

Even establishments that do not welcome the public but do employ staff must ensure their safety. The law requires the implementation of effective warning systems. In small, medium and large businesses alike, a fire alarm is often paired with an evacuation plan and regular drills.

The regulations in brief

• All public-access buildings (ERP), high-rise buildings (IGH) and classified establishments are affected.
• Businesses with more than 50 employees must have suitable systems in place.
• Fire alarms must comply with EN54/NF standards and undergo mandatory annual maintenance.

Installing a fire alarm is not optional: it is an obligation for the majority of establishments that welcome the public or employees, or that present particular risks. Beyond the law, it is a vital responsibility for protecting people and property.

La P.I.P.E. supports you in choosing, installing and maintaining your fire alarm systems, to guarantee compliance and optimal safety.